BRANCHES OF BIOLOGY

BRANCHES OF BIOLOGY

Welcome to Triple W: Exploring the Wonders of Biology!

Hello, curious minds and science enthusiasts! We’re  Triple W, your guide to the incredible world of biology. Here at our blog, we dive deep into the amazing complexity of life and its myriad forms. Today, we’re kicking off with a fascinating journey into the diverse BRANCHES OF BIOLOGY.

Biology, as a field, is like an ever-expanding universe filled with interconnected realms, each offering its own unique lens on the living world. From the microscopic intricacies of cells to the grand patterns of ecosystems, the branches of biology cover it all. Whether you’re intrigued by the genetic codes that shape us, the evolution of species, or the delicate balance of our environments, there’s a branch of biology that speaks to your curiosity.

In this post, we’ll break down these branches and explore how each one contributes to our understanding of life. We’ll look at everything from molecular biology to ecology, and uncover how these fields intersect to provide a holistic view of life on Earth.

So buckle up and get ready to explore the wondrous branches of biology with us. Whether you’re a seasoned biologist or just starting to scratch the surface of this incredible science, there’s always something new to learn. Let’s dive in and discover how these various fields weave together to form the tapestry of life!

BRANCHES OF BIOLOGY

Branches of Botany

BRANCH	DESCRIPTION
Agriculture	Cultivation of useful plants.
Agrostology	Study of grasses.
Agronomy	Study of crop cultivation and farm management.
Agrobiology	Study of quantitative science of plant nutrition.
Agrology	Study of soil science related to crop production.
Algology (Phycology)	Study of algae.
Anthology	Study of flowers.
Arboriculture	Study of shrubs and tree cultivation.
Biochemical Taxonomy	Study of taxonomy of related plants based on chemical reactions.

Bonsai	Study of art and hobby of growing dwarf forms of trees and shrubs in pots.
Bryology	Study of bryophytes.
Dendrology (Xylology)	Study of trees.
Dendrochronology	Counting and analysing annual growth rings of trees.

Economic Botany	Study of commercially useful plants.
Edaphology (Pedology)	Study of soil.
Ethnobotany	Study of relationship between the primitive humans and plants.
Floriculture	Cultivation of flower yielding plants.
Forestry (Silviculture)	Study of development and conservation of forests and their products.
Horticulture	Development and management of orchards and gardens.
Hydroponics	Soil less culture of plants.
Lichenology	Study of lichens.
Limnology	Study of freshwater ecology.
Mycology	Study of fungi.

Olericulture	Cultivation of vegetables.
Palaeobotany	Study of plant life of past, based on fossil studies.
Palynology	Study of pollen grains.
Pharmacognosy	Use of plant and their parts in drug industry.
Phenology	Recording and study of periodic biotic events like flowering, leaf fall and migration.
Phytogeography	Study of distribution of plants on earth.
Physiology	Study of functions and processes of life.
Phytology (Botany)	Study of plants.
Phytography	Branch of botany dealing with descriptive features of plant parts.
Phytosociology	Science of plant communities, their structure and composition.

Pomology	Science dealing with fruits and fruit yielding plants.
Pteridology (Pterology)	Study of pteridophytes.
Spermology (Seed Biology)	Study of seeds.

 

Branches of Zoology

BRANCH	DESCRIPTION
Acarology	Study of mites and ticks.
Aerobiology	Study of air spora and flying animals.
Aphidology	Study of aphids (plant lice).
Apiculture	Study of bee keeping for extracting honey and wax.
Araneology	Study of spiders.
Carcinology	Study of crustaceans.
Cetology	Study of whales.
Cnidology	Study of coelenterates (cnidarians).
Conchology	Study of shells secreted by mantle as in mollusca.

Economic Zoology	Study of useful and harmful activities of animals.
Entomology	Study of insects.
Ethology	Study of behaviour of animals in response to the environmental stimuli.
Fishery	Occupation of collecting and catching fish and other animals of sea, lakes or rivers.
Helminthology	Study of worms (round and flatworms).
Herpetology	Study of reptiles and amphibians.
Ichthyology	Study of fishes.
Lepidoteriology	Study of moths and butterflies.
Livestock	Study of keeping animals for our profit.
Malacology	Study of molluscs.

Mammalogy	Study of mammals.
Myremecology	Study of ants.
Natural history	Study of habits of animals in their natural habitats.
Nematology	Study of nematodes.
Odonatology	Study of dragonflies.

Oology	Study of eggs of birds.
Ophiology	Study of snakes.
Ornithology	Study of birds. Dr. Salim Ali was a great Indian ornithologist.
Palaeozoology	Study of fossils of past animals which have been extincted and their distribution in time.
Parasitology	Study of parasites of animals.
Parazoology	Study of sponges.
Piggery	Study of keeping pigs for meat.
Pisciculture	Cultivation (breeding and rearing) of fishes.
Poultry	Study of rearing fowls (chickens, ducks and geese) for eggs and meat.
Protistology	Study of protists (unicellular plants and animals).

Protozoology	Study of Protozoans (acellular eukaryotes).
Saurology	Study of lizards.
Sericulture	Study of rearing silk worms for silk.
Serpentology (Ophiology)	Study of snakes.
Taxidermatology	Study of skin for stuffing and preservation of animals for museums.
Termitology	Study of termites.
Zoogeny	Origin and development of animals.
Zoogeography	Deals with distribution of animals in different parts of the world on earth.
Zoonosology	Study of handicapped animals.
Zoopathology	Study of diseases of animals and their control.

Zoophytology	Study of drifting organisms (zooplanktons) like diatoms.
Zootechny	Science of breeding and domestication of animals.
Zootomy	Dissection and anatomy of animals.
Zymology	Study of zymoses (fermentation).

 

Branches Related to Medical Science

BRANCH	DESCRIPTION
Anatomy	Study of internal organs as revealed by dissection and observed by unaided human eyes.
Andrology	Deals with disorders of male reproductive system. It is opposite of Gynaecology.
Angiology	Study of blood vessels or circulatory system.
Arthrology/ Syndesmology	Study of joints and ligaments.
Biomedical Engineering	Designing and production of artificial body parts like (artificial limbs, valves, vessels, etc) for man to overcone defects.
Carcinomatology	Study of cancer.
Cardiology	Study of heart functioning and diseases.
Chondriology	Study of cartilage.
Craniology	Study of skull.

Dactyology

Communication system as for deaf using signs made by fingers.

Dactylography

Science of finger prints for identification.

Dairy Science	Maintenance of systematically bred milk producing animals, collection and preservation of milk and production of milk products.
Dentistry	Study of teeth and its problems.
Dermatology	Study of skin and its diseases.
Desmology	Study of ligaments.
Dietetics/Sitology	Study of nutrition/diet.
Endocrinology	Study of endocrine glands and their secretions (hormones).
Epidemiology	Study of infection by an organisms and its spread.
Forensic Science	Application of scientific knowledge to questions of civil and criminal law. Finger prints, blood typing, etc. are studied to detect crime.
Genetic Engineering	Manipulation of genes at will.
Gene Therapy	Removal of defective genes and their actual replacement.

Gerontology	Study of ageing.
Gynaecology	Study of female reproductive organs, diseases and hygiene of women.
Haematology	Study of blood and blood disorders.
Hepatology	Study of liver.
Hygiene	Care for keeping good health.
Hypnology	Study of sleep.
Immunology	Study of natural and acquired resistance of body against diseases.
Kalology	Study of human beauty.
Kinesiology	Study of body movements.
Laryngology	Study of larynx.

Leprology	Study of leprosy.
Malariology	Study of malaria
Mastology	Study of breasts (mammary glands).
Medicine	Science of treating diseases with drugs or other curative substances.
Melanology	Study of skin pigments.
Myology (Sarcology)	Study of muscles.
Nephrology	Study of kidney.
Neurology	Study of brain/nervous system.
Nursing	Care of ill and injured persons.
Obstetrics	Science of midwifery.

Occupational Therapy	The teaching and training of handicapped and disabled (both physically and mentally) persons to lead a normal life.
Odontology	Study of teeth and gums.
Oncology (Carcinomatology)	Study of cancer/tumours.
Ophthalmology	Deals with eyes.
Orthopaedics	Diagnosis and repair of disorders of bones and joints and muscles.
Osphresiology (Oneirology)	Study of dreams.
Otolaryngology	Study of ear and larynx.
Otology	Study of ears.
Otorhinolaryngology	Study of ENT (ear, nose and throat).
Paediatrics	Branch of medicine dealing with diseases of children.

Pathology	Study of diseases, their symptoms, causes, spread and control.
Pharmacology	Study of preparation of drugs and their effect on organisms.
Pharmacy	Study of compounding and dispensing of drugs.
Physiotherapy	Treatment of diseases, bodily weaknesses or defects by physical remedies such as massage, yoga, exercise.
Prosthesis	An artificial replacement or substitute for a loss in part or full of a limb due to acquired or congenital cause.
Teratology	Study of abnormal embryonic development leading to malformations.
Toxicology	Study of toxic effects of drugs and other chemicals.
Trophology	Science of nutrition.
Phrenology	Study of feelings.
Psychiatry	Science dealing with diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders.

Psychology	Study of nature of behaviour and working of mind.
Radiobiology (Actinobiology)	Effect of radiations on body.
Radiology	Deals with X-rays and imaging techniques for medical diagnosis.
Radiotherapy	Treatment of diseases with X-rays and radioactive substances.
Rhinology	Study of nose/olfactory organs.
Sarcology	Study of muscles.
Serology	Study of serum/antigen-antibody reactions in the blood/immunological reactions.
Sonography	Ultrasound imaging.
Sonology	Study of hearing.
Sphygmology	Study of arterial pressure and pulse.

Splanchnology	Study of visceral organs.
Stomatology	Study of foregut (buccal cavity and stomach).

Surgery

Treating injuries, deformities and diseases by operations.

Syndesmology	Study of joints and ligaments.
Tectology	Study of structural organisation/functional anatomy of the body.
Teratology	Study of malformation and abnormal growth in foetus due to teratogens during embryogenesis e.g., Phocomelia.
Therapeutics	Science of treatment of the disease.
Toxicology	Study of toxic effects of drugs on body.
Torentology	Study of diseases of embryo.
Traumatology	Study of wounds.
Trichology	Study of hairs.
Trophology	Study of food and nutrition.
Urology	Study of urinary disorders.

Venereology	Study of VD (Venereal Diseases) and STD (Sexually Transmitted Diseases).
Veterinary Science	Study of diseases of all domestic animals and their health care.

 

Branches Related to Plants, Animals & Human Biology

BRANCH	DESCRIPTION
Agriology	Study of customs of primitive man.
Anatomy	Study of internal morphology.
Animal Husbandry	Study of breeding of cattle, horses and other higher domestic animals.
Anthropology	The science of natural history of man and mankind including the study of the physical and mental constitution of man, his cultural development, social conditions as shown both in the present and the past.
Archaeology	Study of past human life and activities.
Autecology	Study of an individual or species in relation to its environment.
Aquaculture	Rearing of aquatic plants and animals like crabs, fishes, prawns, lobsters, molluscs, etc.
Biochemistry	Study of chemical composition and their reactions in the body.
Bioclimatology	Study of climatic effects on living beings.

Bioenergetics	Study of use and transformation of energy by living cells.
Bioinformatics	Use of computer hardware and software for the management and interpretation of data generated especially by genomics.
Biometeorology	Study of effects of atmospheric changes on living beings.
Biometrics	Study of application of statistics for analysing the biological problems.
Biophysics	Study of physical aspects of living systems.
Biosystematics	Study of identification nomenclature, classification and relationship among the living beings.
Chemotaxonomy	Taxonomical study based on chemicals present in organisms.
Chirology	Communication system with deaf and mute by sign language by hand and lips without speaking. It was used by bushmen tribe in Kalahari deserts during hunting.
Chorology	Study of biogeography.
Chromatology	Study of pigments (colours).

Chronobiology	Study of biological rhythms.
Cosmology	Study of universe, its nature, origin and history.
Cryobiology	Study of effect of freezing or low temperature on life. This helps in preservation of organisms in liquid at low temperature.
Cryobiology	Study of life at very low temperature.
Cryogenics	Study of effect of cold on the body of living things.
Ctetology	Study of acquired characters.
Cytogenetics	Study of cytological basis of inheritance.
Cytotaxonomy	Taxonomy (classification) based on cell constituents including chromosome number and structure.
Cybernetics	Science of systems connected with communication and control.
Cytology (Cell biology)	Study of structure and function of cell.

Demography	Study of population.
Dysgenics	Unfavourable conditions to race development.
Dysteleology	Study of functionless vestigial organs appeared during evolution.
Ecobiology	Study of adaptations in relation to habitat or study of problems connected with the existence of life in space and other planets.
Ecology	Study of relations between organism and their environment.
Ecophysiology	Physiological adaptations in response to environment.
Embryology	Study of developmental stages after fertilization till birth.
Epidemiology	Study of distribution, causes and control measures of infectious disease.
Epigenetics	Study of mechanism by which genes and their products bring about phenotypic expression.
Ethnography	Deals with the distribution of different races of mankind.

Etiology (Aetiology)	Study of life cycle of pathogen especially on host and cause of disease.
Evolution	Study of origin and differentiation of organisms.
Exobiology	Study of possible life on other planets.
Experimental Taxonomy	Experiments relating to genetical relationship between taxonomic groups.
Food Technology	Scientific processing, preservation, storage and transportation of food substances.
Genecology	Study of genetic constitution of a species or population in relation to its environment (habitat, climate, soil).
Geneology	Development of an individual or a race.
Genetic Engineering	Genetic manipulations to produce an organism with a new genetic constitution.
Geology	Science of earth.
Gene Therapy	Removal and replacement of defective genes with genes of desirable traits.

Gerontology	Study of ageing and senescence.
Glycobiology	Role of sugars in biological process.
Histochemistry	Chemistry of living tissues.
Ichnology	Study of fossil foot prints.
Karyology	Study of cell nucleus and chromosomes.
Karyotaxonomy	Taxonomy based on variation in nucleus, chromosomes, their number and types.
Kinesiology	Science dealing with inter-relationship of anatomy and physiology with respect to movements.
Limnobiology	Life in freshwater.
Molecular Biology	Molecular aspects of life processes.
Molecular Genetics	Molecular basis of genetics.

Neonatology	Study of newly born offspring upto the age of two months.
Neontology	It is the study of life of recent origin. It is opposite of Palaeontology.
Nidology	Study of bird’s nests.
Nutrition	Branch of science dealing with nutrients and nourishment.Study of nourishment of organisms.
Numerical Taxonomy	Statistical evolution of resemblances and differences, primitive and advanced features in order to bring about numerical degree of relationships in taxonomic categories.
Ontogeny	Study of the history of development of an organism.
Organocology	Study of development of organs during embryonic period.
Osteology	Study of bones.
Palaeontology	Study of fossils and their distribution.
Phenology	Study of periodicity phenomena of organisms like bird migration, time of flowering, leaf fall, etc.

Photobiology	Study of effect of light on organisms.
Phylogeny	Study of evolutionary history of a species/race.
Space Biology	Effect of space on biological entities.
Speciology (Speciation)	Study of formation of new and distinct species.
Spelaeology	Study of caves and cave life.
Synecology	Study of communities with their environment.
Systematics	Study of taxonomy and phylogeny of organisms.
Taphonomy	Deals with the processes involved in fossilization of plant and animal remains.
Thremmatology	Science of breeding animals and plants under domestic conditions.
Urobiology	Science of preserving dead things in liquid chemicals.

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